ANOMALOUS YEARS

There are many processes occurring within the Mackenzie Basin that affect its water and energy cycles. During some years, the magnitudes of some of the Basin characteristics are substantially different from their long-term averages.

In this section, a list of years with anomalous conditions over the Mackenzie Basin is being established. Suggestions and comments can be made by clicking here.

Year         Brief Comment                               Contributor
1972    Cold autumn, early freezeup                      Tom Agnew
1974    Cold autumn, early freezeup                      Tom Agnew
1979    Warm autumn, early freezeup                      Tom Agnew

In this section, background information in regards to anomalous years is being summarized.

1. The following information was provided by Tom Agnew:
Climate Monitoring Division of AES has yearly and seasonal temperature anomaly data and maps for Canada and the Jones dataset is available on CD-ROM if a rigorous analysis of anomalous years is required. The temperature anomaly record for the Mackenzie district (a figure to be added) indicates a trend towards warmer temperatures of about 1.5 °C per century. Over the last 25 years of the record, 1972 and 1982 were the two coldest years. They were exceptional years for other parts of Canada and the northern hemisphere reflecting the strong connection between temperature and atmospheric circulation. 1972 is recognized as the coldest year for all of the Canadian Arctic not just the Mackenzie and the anomalous atmospheric circulation in 1982 is attributable to the fact that it was the strongest ENSO and PNA year on record (see Quiroz, Mon. Wea. Rev., 1983, 1685-1705). Juxtaposed to 1982 is the exceptionally warm 1981 year. This again reflects the abrupt change in circulation caused by ENSO. How anomalous these years are in terms of precipitation and runoff is not clear. Work that was done in the Canadian Arctic Islands indicates that anomalous temperature seasons or years do not correlate that well with anomalous precipitation. Also, within-season fluctuations are hidden in this record. For example, a study which looked at climate change and the Beaufort Sea ice regime found that the summer of 1989 year was exceptionally warm and was mentioned as a very warm summer and the end of a warm decade in the Mackenzie. However it does not show up as exceptional in the annual anomaly record. Again precipitation was not considered.